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Peptide Tools to Study SARS-CoV-2

JPT has launched a broad development program to provide access to genome spanning SARS-CoV-2 peptide tools and its different mutation variants for applications such as:

  • SARS-CoV-2 clinical trial immune monitoring
  • SARS-CoV-2 evaluation of cross reactivities
  • SARS-CoV-2 blood and sero test development
  • SARS-CoV-2 T-and B-cell epitope discovery

We have broadened our portfolio of coronavirus related products beyond SARS-CoV-2, including SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and common cold viruses CoV 229E, OC43, HKU1 and NL63. Have a look below!


Overview of Spike Glycoprotein Mutations                                        Flyer: Covid-19 Peptide Tools




SARS-CoV-2 peptide products


Find SARS-CoV-2 peptide tools by research area

Cellular Immunity

-> PepMix™ Peptide Pools
  • Antigen-specific T-cell stimulation
  • Cellular immune monitoring
  • Vaccine target discovery
  • Blood test development
  • Cross reactivity testing (SARS-CoV-2 vs. SARS, MERS, HCoV 229E, OC43…)
  • Cell therapy development
  • Efficient epitope mapping and identification
  • Matrix Pools and individual peptides spanning a whole antigen in one set
  • Minimal sample amount required
  • Antigen specific T-cell stimulation in T-cell assays (i.e. ELISpot, ICS)
  • Immune monitoring
  • Proliferation assays
  • T-cell expansion

Humoral Immunity

-> PepStar™ Peptide Microarrays
  • Humoral immune monitoring
  • Antibody epitope discovery
  • Cross reactivity testing (SARS-CoV-2 vs. SARS, MERS, HCoV 229E, OC43…)
  • Seromarker discovery
PepStar™ Antigen Collection Pan-Coronavirus
for cross reactivity testing with SARS-CoV-2 vs. SARS, MERS, HCoV 229E, OC43…)
PepStar™ Peptide Microarrays
for individual SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV antigens
Tailored PepStar™ Peptide Microarrays
You define content and layout, we provide economic and fast production in our regulated clean-room environment. We also offer our assay and analysis service using your samples with your tailored peptide microarray.

  • Thousands of peptides spanning the entire SARS-CoV-2 genome using smallest sample volumes
  • Incubation using smallest sample volumes
  • Study of antibody cross-reactivities between SARS-CoV-2 and other corona viruses
  • Verification of peptide binders with a large numbers of samples
  • Transfer of results to ELISA platform for rapid test development
  • Peptide ELISA development and service using SARS-CoV-2 peptides or a combination with other corona viruses
  • ELISA-based validation service of peptide binders identified by using JPT’s peptide microarray platform
  • Collaborative ELISA test development

Clinical Immune Monitoring & Cell Therapy

-> Clinical Grade Peptides & PepMix™ Peptide Pools
  • High quality chemically synthesized antigen source for vaccine trial monitoring
  • Ancillary reagents for cellular therapy development
  • Full analytical coverage, stability testing, batch documentation and more

Proteomics

-> SpikeMix™ SARS-CoV-2
  • Identify SARS CoV-2 antigens from biological samples
  • Mass spectrometry based assays (MRM)
  • Screen 23 proteotypic peptides from SARS-CoV-2
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Find SARS-CoV-2 Peptide variants

Alpha

Alpha

WHO Designation

Variant of Concern 202012/01, abbreviated VOC-202012/01 (also known as 20I/501Y.V1)


Alternative names

Lineage B.1.1.7, UK variant, British variant, Kent variant, Alpha

First publication

Chand et al, Public Health England (December 2020)

Reference sequences given in literature

EPI_ISL_601443
EPI_ISL_581117

Sequence used for library generation

EPI_ISL_601443 (Gisaid accession ID)

JPT’s products

PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD B.1.1.7 / Alpha) : Spike receptor binding domain

Mutations

H0069-; V0070-; Y0144-; N0501Y; A0570D; D0614G; P0681H; T0716I; S0982A; D1118H
These mutations characterize approx. 86.8 % of all sequences in the B.1.1.7 lineage.

Variants pertaining to Alpha may include these additional mutations:
L0005F, V0006A, S0012F, L0018F, T0020I, R0021T, T0022I, H0049Y, A0067S, A0067V, S0071F, T0076I, P0082L, S0094F, T0095I, E0096D, S0098F, R0102I, D0138H, V0143F, H0146Q, S0151G, W0152R, L0176F, E0180G, R0214L, D0215Y, L0216F, S0221L, A0222V, H0245Y, S0255F, G0261A, A0262-, D0287G, V0289I, T0299I, T0307I, V0308L, T0323I, N0354D, N0394Y, A0475V, E0484K, S0494P, T0572I, A0575S, E0583D, V0622F, A0623S, A0626T, S0640F, Q0675H, Q0677H, T0678I, S0680F, P0681R, A0688V, A0701V, A0706V, T0732I, M0740V, R0765C, P0812S, I0818V, A0831V, K0835R, A0879V, A0892V, I0909V, L0938F, S0939F, G0946V, A1020V, V1129I, E1188D, K1191N, I1227M, V1228L, M1237I, C1243F, P1263L
Beta

Beta

WHO Designation
Variant of Concern

Alternative Names 
501Y.V2 variant, 20H/501Y.V2, 20C/501Y.V2, B.1.351 lineage, South African variant, Beta

First publication
Tegally et al, MedRxiv (December 2020)

Reference sequences given in literature
Most frequent sequence from publication above

Sequence used for library generation
EPI_ISL_700428 (Gisaid accession ID)
Wikipedia

JPT’s products
PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD B.1.351 / Beta) : Spike receptor binding domain


Mutations in spike glycoprotein
D0080A, D0215G, L0242-, A0243-, L0244-, K0417N, E0484K, N0501Y, D0614G, A0701V
This variant is annotated in the GISAID database 2008 times. An additional variant with the L18F mutation is described 1769 times. (June 13, 2021)
The mutational frequency in 190 sequences from the original paper is shown here.
The R246I mutation is found mainly in sequences with long undefined stretches and does therefore not cluster. Since it is a minor mutation we did not consider it.

Delta

Delta

WHO Designation
Variant of Concern

Alternative names
G/478K.V1, 20A/S:478K, Indian Variant, Delta

First publication
Cherian et al, Microorganisms (2021)

Reference sequences given in literature
GISAID sequences based on mutations given at SARS-CoV-2 Variant Classifications and Definitions of CDC - U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Wikipedia

Sequence used for library generation
EPI_ISL_1969243 (Gisaid accession ID)

JPT’s products
PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD B.1.617.2 / Delta) : Spike receptor binding domain

Mutations in Spike Glycoprotein
T0019R; G0142D, E0156-, F0157-, R0158G, L0452R, T0478K, D0614G, P0681R, D0950N

Epsilon

Epsilon

WHO Designation
Formerly Monitored Variant

Alternative names
CAL.20C, Los Angeles Variant, Epsilon

First publication
Zhang et al, JAMA (February 2021)

Reference sequences given in literature
GISAID sequences based on mutations given in the reference above

Sequence used for library generation
EPI_ISL_755187 (Gisaid accession ID)

JPT’s products
PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD B.1.429 / Epsilon) : Spike receptor binding domain

Mutations in spike glycoprotein
S0013I, W0152C, L0452R, D0614G
This variant is annotated in the GISAID database 12614 times (status June 13, 2021).

Gamma

Gamma

WHO Designation
Variant of Concern

Alternative names
B.1.1.248, B.1.1.28.1, 20J/501Y.V3, Brazil(ian) variant, Gamma

First publication
National Institute of Infectious Diseases Japan (January 2021)

Reference sequences given in literature
EPI_ISL_792680 to EPI_ISL_792683

Sequence used for library generation
EPI_ISL_792680 (Gisaid accession ID)

JPT’s products
PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD P.1 / Gamma) : Spike receptor binding domain

Mutations in spike glycoprotein
L0018F, T0020N, P0026S, D0138Y, R0190S, K0417T, E0484K, N0501Y, D0614G, H0655Y, T1027I, V1176F

Kappa

Kappa

WHO Designation
Formerly Monitored Variant

Alternative names
G/452R.V3, Indian Variant, Kappa

First publication
Cherian et al, BioRxiv (May 2021)

Reference sequences given in literature
GISAID sequences based on mutations given at SARS-CoV-2 Variant Classifications and Definitions of CDC - U.S. Department of Health & Human Services

Sequence used for library generation
EPI_ISL_1372093 (Gisaid accession ID)

JPT’s products
PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD B.1.617.1 / Kappa) : Spike receptor binding domain

Mutations in spike glycoprotein
T0095I, G0142D, E0154K, L0452R, E0484Q, D0614G, P0681R, Q1071H

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Lambda

Lambda

WHO Designation
Variant of Interest

First publication
Edition 44, published June 15, 2021

Reference sequences given in literature
GISAID sequences based on mutations given in 
Kimura et al, BioRxiv (July 2021)

Sequence used for library generation
EPI_ISL_2158693 (Gisaid accession ID)

JPT’s products
PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (Spike C.37 / Lambda) : Spike receptor binding domain

Mutations
G0075V; T0076I; RSYLTPGD0246-0253N (R0246-; S0247-; Y0248-; L0249-; T0250-; P0251-; G0252-; D0253N); L0452Q; F0490S; D0614G; T0859N

Omicron BA.1

Omicron BA.1

WHO Designation
Variant of Concern

Reference publication

Sequence used for library generation
EPI_ISL_6752027 (Gisaid accession ID)

JPT’s products
PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD B.1.1.529 / Omicron) : Spike receptor binding domain


Mutations
A0067V; H0069del; V0070del; T0095I; G0142D; V0143del; Y0144del; Y0145del; N0211I*; L0212V*; V0213R*; R0214EPE*; G0339D; S0371L; S0373P; S0375F; K0417N; N0440K; G0446S; S0477N; T0478K; E0484A; Q0493R; G0496S; Q0498R; N0501Y; Y0505H; T0547K; D0614G; H0655Y; N0679K; P0681H; N0764K; D0796Y; N0856K; Q0954H; N0969K; L0981F;
* also annotated as N0211del, L0212I, ins0214EPE

Omicron BA.2

Omicron BA.2

WHO Designation
Variant of Concern

Reference publication

Sequence used for library generation
EPI_ISL_8459223 (Gisaid accession ID)

JPT’s products

PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (NCAP B.1.1.529 / Omicron) :  Entire protein of Omicron BA.1; (1 aa difference to BA.2)
PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (VEMP B.1.1.529 / Omicron) : Entire protein of Omicron BA.1; (no difference)
PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (VME1 B.1.1.529 / Omicron) :  Entire protein of Omicron BA.1; (1 aa difference to BA.2)

Mutations
T0019I; L0024-; P0025-; P0026-; A0027S; G0142D; V0213G; G0339D; S0371F; S0373P; S0375F; T0376A; D0405N; R0408S; K0417N; N0440K; S0477N; T0478K; E0484A; Q0493R; Q0498R; N0501Y; Y0505H; D0614G; H0655Y; N0679K; P0681H; N0764K; D0796Y; Q0954H; N0969K

Omicron BA.4/5

Omicron BA.4/5

WHO Designation
Variant of Concern

Reference publication

Sequence used for library generation
EPI_ISL_12688263 (Gisaid accession ID)

JPT’s products

Mutations
T0019I, L0024-, P0025-, P0026-, A0027S, H0069-, V0070-, G0142D, V0213G, G0339D, S0371F, S0373P, S0375F, T0376A, D0405N, R0408S, K0417N, N0440K, L0452R, S0477N, T0478K, E0484A, F0486V, Q0498R, N0501Y, Y0505H, D0614G, H0655Y, N0679K, P0681H, N0764K, D0796Y, Q0954H, N0969K

Omicron BA.2.75

Omicron BA.2.75

WHO Designation
Variants under Monitoring

Sequence used for library generation
EPI_ISL_13392500  (Gisaid accession ID)

JPT’s products
PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike BA.2.75 / Omicron) : Entire Spike Protein
PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD BA.2.75 /  Omicron) : Spike Receptor Binding Domain

Mutations
T0019I, L0024-, P0025-, P0026-, A0027S, G0142D, K0147E, W0152R, F0157L, I0210V, V0213G, G0257S, G0339H, S0371F, S0373P, S0375F, T0376A, D0405N, R0408S, K0417N, N0440K, G0446S, N0460K, S0477N, T0478K, E0484A, Q0498R, N0501Y, Y0505H, D0614G, H0655Y, N0679K, P0681H, N0764K, D0796Y, Q0954H, N0969K

Omicron BA.2.75.2

Omicron BA.2.75.2

WHO Designation
Variants under Monitoring

Sequence used for library generation
EPI_ISL_15104931  (Gisaid accession ID)

JPT’s products
PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike BA.2.75.2 / Omicron) : Entire Spike Protein
PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD BA.2.75.2 /  Omicron) : Spike Receptor Binding Domain

Mutations
T0019I, L0024-, P0025-, P0026-, A0027S, G0142D, K0147E, W0152R, F0157L, I0210V, V0213G, G0257S, G0339H, R0346T, S0371F, S0373P, S0375F, T0376A, D0405N, R0408S, K0417N, N0440K, G0446S, N0460K, S0477N, T0478K, E0484A, F0486S, Q0498R, N0501Y, Y0505H, D0614G, H0655Y, N0679K, P0681H, N0764K, D0796Y, Q0954H, N0969K, D1199N

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Omicron BF.7

Omicron BF.7

WHO Designation
Variants under Monitoring

Sequence used for library generation
EPI_ISL_13183136  (Gisaid accession ID)

JPT’s products
PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike BF.7 / Omicron) : Entire Spike Protein
PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD BF.7 /  Omicron) : Spike Receptor Binding Domain

Mutations
T0019I, L0024-, P0025-, P0026-, A0027S, H0069-, V0070-, G0142D, V0213G, G0339D, R0346T, S0371F, S0373P, S0375F, T0376A, D0405N, R0408S, K0417N, N0440K, L0452R, S0477N, T0478K, E0484A, F0486V, Q0498R, N0501Y, Y0505H, D0614G, H0655Y, N0679K, P0681H, N0764K, D0796Y, Q0954H, N0969K

Omicron BQ.1.1

Omicron BQ.1.1

WHO Designation
Variants under Monitoring

Sequence used for library generation
EPI_ISL_14818139  (Gisaid accession ID)

JPT’s products
PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike BQ.1.1/ Omicron) : Entire Spike Protein
PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD BQ.1.1 /  Omicron) : Spike Receptor Binding Domain

Mutations
T0019I, L0024-, P0025-, P0026-, A0027S, H0069-, V0070-, G0142D, V0213G, G0339D, R0346T, S0371F, S0373P, S0375F, T0376A, D0405N, R0408S, K0417N, N0440K, K0444T, L0452R, N0460K, S0477N, T0478K, E0484A, F0486V, Q0498R, N0501Y, Y0505H, D0614G, H0655Y, N0679K, P0681H, N0764K, D0796Y, Q0954H, N0969K

Omicron XBB.1.5

Omicron XBB.1.5

WHO Designation
Variants under Monitoring


Sequence used for library generation
EPI_ISL_15687648  (Gisaid accession ID)

JPT’s products
PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike XBB.1.5/ Omicron) : Entire Spike Protein
PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD XBB.1.5 /  Omicron) : Spike Receptor Binding Domain

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Publications

References 2023

References 2023

      • Incorporation of SARS-CoV-2 spike NTD to RBD Protein Vaccine Improves Immunity Against Viral Variants
        Montgomerie et al., IScience (2023)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein) 
      • Pyrimidine de novo synthesis inhibition selectively blocks effector but not memory T cell development
        Scherer et al., Nature Immunology (2023)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein) 
      • Carbohydrate fatty acid monosulphate: oil-in-water adjuvant enhances SARS-CoV-2 RBD nanoparticle-induced immunogenicity and protection in mice
        Nanishi et al., Vaccines (2023)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD) 
      • Efficacy of an unmodified bivalent mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants in female small animal models
        Corleis et al., Nature Communications (2023)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein)
      • Linear epitope mapping of the humoral response against SARS‑CoV‑2 in two independent African cohorts
        Vigan-Womas et al., Scientific Reports (2023)
        Product used: custom PepStar & PepSpots Peptides on Cellulose 
      • Immunogenicity and safety of Biological E’s CORBEVAX™ vaccine as a heterologous booster dose in adult volunteers previously vaccinated with two doses of either COVISHIELD™ or COVAXIN: A Prospective double-blind randomised hase III clinical study
        Thuluva et al., MedRxiv (2023)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD)
      • Assessment of Immunogenicity and Efficacy of CV0501 mRNA-based Omicron COVID-19 Vaccination in Small Animal Models
        Roth et al., BioRxiv (2023)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike B.1.1.529 / BA.1 / Omicron) 
      • Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a new SARS-CoV-2 recombinant Gamma variant RBD-based protein adjuvanted vaccine, used as heterologous booster in healthy adults: a Phase 1 interim report
        Pasquevich et al., MedRxiv (2023)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD P.1 / Gamma)
      • An inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine induced cross-neutralising persisting antibodies and protected upon challenge in small animals
        Offersgaard et al., iScience (2023)
        Products used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (S-MUT), SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein), SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD), SARS-CoV-2 (NCAP), SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein SUB1 & SUB2),
      • Diminished responses to mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis on immune modifying therapies
        Klebanoff et al., MedRxiv (2023)
        Products used: PepMix CEFX Ultra Superstim Pool & SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein)
      • A linear DNA encoding the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain elicits potent immune response and neutralizing antibodies in domestic cats
        Conforti et al., Molecular Therapy (2023)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD)
      • The HDAC inhibitor zabadinostat is a systemic regulator of adaptive immunity
        Liu et al., Communications Biology (2023)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein)
      • SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/BA.5 Mutations in Spike Leading to T Cell Escape in Recently Vaccinated Individuals
        Emmelot et al., Viruses (2023)
        Products used: custom PepMix
      References Archive

      References Archive

      • SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific IFN-gamma T-cell Response After COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease, on Dialysis, or Living With a Kidney Transplant
        Imhof et al., Infectious Disease (2022)
        Products used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein SUB1 & SUB2)
      • Efficacy of mucosal vaccination using a protozoan parasite as a vehicle for antigen delivery: IgG and neutralizing response after rectal administration of LeCoVax-2, a candidate vaccine against COVID-19
        Epis et al., Pharmacological Research (2022) - PMID: 36336215
      • Reduced humoral but stable cellular SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity in liver transplant recipients in the first year after COVID-19
        Kirchner et al., PLoS One (2022) - PMID: 36322587
      • Immunodominant Linear B-Cell Epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 Spike, Identified by Sera from K18-hACE2 Mice Infected with the WT or Variant Viruses
        Levy et al., Vaccines (2022) - PMID: 34650130
      • Immunization with 674e685 fragment of SARS-Cov-2 spike protein induces neuroinflammation and impairs episodic memory of mice
        Lykhmus et al., Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications (2022)
      • Treatment of Long COVID with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and tocilizumab in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis and SARS-CoV-2 antigen persistence: a case report
        Visvabharathy et al., Research Square (2022) 
      • SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations fail to elicit humoral and cellular immune responses in patients with multiple sclerosis receiving fingolimod
        Meyer-Arndt et al., J Neurol Neuroscurg Psychiatry (2022) - PMID: 35835468
      • A single intranasal dose of human parainfluenza virus type 3-vectored vaccine induces effective antibody and memory T cell response in the lungs and protects hamsters against SARS-CoV-2
        Ilinykh et al., Vaccines (2022) 
      • High‑resolution analysis of long‑term serum antibodies in humans following convalescence of SARS‑CoV‑2 infection
        Facciuolo et al., Scientific Reports (2022)
      • SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination fails to elicit humoral and cellular immune responses in multiple sclerosis patients receiving fingolimod
        Meyer-Arndt et al., MedRxiv (2022)
        Products used: PepStar SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Variant Collection (incl. Omicron)
      • Brief Research Report: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunity in Long Lasting Responders to Cancer Immunotherapy Through mRNA-Based COVID-19 Vaccination
        Sistere-Oro et al., Frontiers in Immunology (2022) 
      • DNA-Vaccine-Induced Immune Response Correlates with Lower Viral SARS-CoV-2 Titers in a Ferret Model
        Compagnone et al., Vaccines (2022) - PMID: 35893826 
      • SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine-Induced Antibody and T-Cell Response in SARS-CoV-1 Survivors
        Duan et al., Cell Reports (2022) 
      • The long term vaccine-induced anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune response is impaired in quantity and qualityunder TNFα blockade
        Geisen et al., Journal of Medical Virology (2022) - PMID: 35945627
      • Secreted heat shock protein gp96-Ig and OX40L-Fc combination vaccine enhances SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) protein-specific B and T cell immune responses
        Padula et al., Vaccine: X (2022) - PMID: 35936992
        Products used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein SU1 & SU2) 
      • Analysis of the Specific Immune Response after the Third Dose of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Organ Transplant Recipients: Possible Spike-S1 Reactive IgA Signature in Protection from SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        Miele et al., Microorganisms (2022)
        Products used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein SU1 & SU2) & SARS-CoV-2 NCAP 
      • mRNA booster vaccination protects aged mice against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant
        Nanishi et al., Communications Biology (2022) 
      • SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cell longevity correlates with Th17-like phenotype
        Terahara et al., iScience (2022) - PMID: 35992306
      • SARS‑CoV‑2‑reactive IFN‑γ‑producing CD4+ and CD8+T cells in blood do not correlate with clinical severity in unvaccinated critically ill COVID‑19 patients
         Olea et al., Scientific Reports (2022) - PMID: 35995830
      • Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination and booster dose in patients with multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathies: impact of Omicron variant on the humoral response
        Stort et al., Oncoimmunology (2022)
         Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein) 
      • Humoral and cellular responses to mRNA-based COVID-19 booster vaccinations in patients with solid neoplasms under active treatment
        Su et al., ESMO Open (2022)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein) 
      • Protective Immunity of COVID-19 Vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Following Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Humoral and Cellular Investigation
        Azamor et al., Viruses (2022) - PMID: 36146723
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein) 
      • Antibody and T-cellular response to COVID-19 booster vaccine in SARS-CoV-1 survivors
        Lu et al., Clinical Immunology (2022)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein)
      • Comparison of the Immune Responses to COVID-19 Vaccines in Bangladeshi Population
        Sarker et al., Vaccines (2022)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein) 
      • Comparison between enzyme‐linked immunospot assay and intracellular cytokine flow cytometry assays for the evaluation of T cell response to SARS‐CoV‐2 after symptomatic COVID‐19
        Villemonteix et al., Immunity, Inflammation and Disease (2022)
        Products used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein), SARS-CoV-2 (NCAP) 
      • Dual spike and nucleocapsid mRNA vaccination confer protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta variants in preclinical models
        Hajnik et al., Science Translational medicine (2022) - PMID: 36103514
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein) 
      • A Recombinant VSV-Based Bivalent Vaccine Effectively Protects against Both SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Virus Infection
        Ao et al., Journal of Virology (2022) - PMID: 36069551
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein SUB1) 
      • SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-vaccine candidate; COReNAPCIN, induces robust humoral and cellular immunity in mice and non-human primates
        Alimohammadi et al., Vaccines (2022) - PMID: 36056015
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein)
      • Ablation of CD8+ T cell recognition of an immunodominant epitope in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants BA.1, BA.2 and BA.3
        Swaminathan et al., Nature Communications
        Products used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (NCAP), SARS-CoV-2 (NS6), SARS-CoV-2 (NS7A), SARS-CoV-2 (NS7B), SARS-CoV-2 (NS8), SARS-CoV-2 (ORF9B), SARS-CoV-2 (ORF10), SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein), SARS-CoV-2 (VEMP), SARS-CoV-2 (VME1), SARS-CoV-2 (Y14) 
      • Accumulation of mutations in antibody and CD8 T cell epitopes in a B cell depleted lymphoma patient with chronic SARS-CoV-2 infection
        Khatamzas et al., Nature Communication (2022)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein) 
      • Evidence of premature lymphocyte aging in people with low anti-spike antibody levels after BNT162b2 vaccination
        Huang et al., iScience (2022)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein)
      • NVX-CoV2373-induced cellular and humoral immunity towards parental SARS-CoV-2 and VOCs compared to BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273-regimens
        Hielscher et al., Journal of Clinical Virology (2022) - PMID: 36279695
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein) 
      • Immune Response after the Fourth Dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Compared to Natural Infection in Three Doses’ Vaccinated Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
        Busà et al., Vaccines (2022) - PMID: 36298854
        Products used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein), SARS-CoV-2 (NCAP) and CEFX Ultra SuperStim Pool 
      • Proinflammatory Innate Cytokines and Distinct Metabolomic Signatures Shape the T Cell Response in Active COVID-19
        Binayke et al., Vaccines (2022) - PMID: 36298628
        Products used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein SUB1 & SUB2) 
      • Persistent T cell-mediated immune responses against Omicron variants after the third COVID-19 mRNA vaccine dose
        Belik et al., Research Square (2022)
        Products used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein), SARS-CoV-2 (Spike B.1.1.529 / BA.1 / Omicron), and SARS-CoV-2 (Spike B.1.1.529 / BA.2 / Omicron)
      • Artificial Cell Membrane Polymersome-Based Intranasal Beta Spike Formulation as a Second Generation Covid-19 Vaccine
        Lam et al., ACS Nano (2022)
        Products used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein SUB1 & SUB2) 
      • Signs of immunosenescence correlate with poor outcome of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in older adults
        Palacios-Pedrero et al., Nature Aging (2022)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (NCAP)
      • Humoral and Cellular Responses to a Delayed Fourth SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-Based Vaccine in Weak Responders to 3 Doses Kidney Transplant Recipients
        Del Bello et al., Vaccines (2022) - PMID: 36146517
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein SUB1 & SUB2) 
      • A third dose of the unmodified COVID-19 mRNA vaccine CVnCoV enhances quality and quantity of immune responses
        Lenart et al., Molecular Therapy (2022)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein) 
      • A Tale Of T ale Of Two Transgenes: Aa ansgenes: Aav-Dystr v-Dystrophin And Aa ophin And Aav-Spike Reveal Common Themes For Gene Therapy And Vaccines
        Greer, Dissertation (2022)
        Products used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein) and SARS-CoV-2 (Spike B.1.1.7 / Alpha) 
      • Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 spike antigens derived from Beta & Delta variants of concern
        Akache et al., Vaccines (2022)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein)
      • Analysis of the humoral and cellular response after the third COVID-19 vaccination in patients with autoimmune hepatitis
        Hartl et al., Liver International (2022) - PMID: 35840342
      • Respiratory mucosal immunity against SARS-CoV-2 following mRNA vaccination
        Tang et al., Science Immunology (2022) - PMID: 35857583
      • Robust SARS-COV-2-specific T-cell immune memory persists long-term in immunocompetent individuals post BNT162b2 double shot
        Papadopoulou et al., Heliyon (2022) - PMID: 35815135
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein) 
      • A novel SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccine engineered on an immune-activating platform technology
        Quinlan et al., Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (2022) - PMID: 35801956
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike-RBD) 
      • Safety and immunogenicity of intramuscular, single- dose V590 (rVSV-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine) in healthy adults: Results from a phase 1 randomised, double- blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging trial
        Robbins et al., The Lancet (2022)
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein) 
      • Longitudinal T Cell Responses against Ancestral, Delta, and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Variants determined by Rapid Cytokine Release Assay in Whole Blood
        Oliver et al., Immunohorizons (2022) - PMID: 35750357
        Products used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein SU1 & SU2), SARS-CoV-2 (Spike B.1.617/Delta),  SARS-CoV-2 (Spike B.1.1.529 / BA.1 / Omicron)
      • Long-Lived Immunity in SARS-CoV-2-Recovered Children and Its Neutralizing Capacity Against Omicron
        Sieber et al., Frontiers in Immunology (2022) - PMID: 35663948
        Product used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (VME1), SARS-CoV-2 (VEMP), SARS-CoV-2 (NCAP),  SARS-CoV-2 (Spike B.1.1.529 / BA.1 / Omicron) 
      • T-cell proliferation assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cells
        Chu et al., Clinical Chimica Acta (2022) - PMID: 35690083
        Products used: PepMix SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein), SARS-CoV-2 (NCAP), SARS-CoV-2 (VME1) 
      • A DNA vaccine candidate delivered by an electroacupuncture machine provides protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection
        Tzeng et al., Vaccines (2022) 
      • Chimeric Virus-like Particle-Based COVID-19 Vaccine Confers Strong Protection against SARS-CoV-2 Viremia in K18-hACE2 Mice
        Kaewborisuth et al., Vaccines (2022) 
      • SARS-CoV-2 OmicronBA.1 variant breakthrough infections in nursing home residentsafter an homologousthird dose of the Comirnaty® COVID-19 vaccine: Looking for correlates of protection
        Torres et al., Journal of Medical Virology (2022) 
        Products used: PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein SUB1 & SUB2)
      • Functional Analysis of Human and Feline Coronavirus Cross-Reactive Antibodies Directed Against the SARS-CoV-2 Fusion Peptide
        Vanderheijden et al., Frontiers in Immunology (2022) - PMID: 35069571
      • Durable immunogenicity, adaptation to emerging variants and low dose efficacy of AAV-based COVID19 platform in macaques
        Zabaleta et al., Molecular Therapy (2022)
        Products used: PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein SUB1 & SUB2)
      • Enhanced Humoral Immune Response After COVID-19 Vaccination in Elderly Kidney Transplant Recipients on Everolimus Versus Mycophenolate Mofetil–containing Immunosuppressive Regimens
        de Boer et al., Translantation (2022) - PMID: 35546527
        Products used: PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein SUB1 & SUB2)
      • SARS-CoV2 wild type and mutant specific humoral and T cell immunity is superior after vaccination than after natural infection
        Richardson et al., PLoS One (2022) - PMID: 35468147
        Products used: PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein), SARS-CoV-2 (Spike B.1.1.7 / Alpha), SARS-CoV-2 (Spike B.1.351 / Beta), SARS-CoV-2 (Spike P.1 / Gamma), SARS-CoV-2 (Spike B.1.617.2 / Delta)
      • Two DNA vaccines protect against severe disease and pathology due to SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian hamsters
        Babuadze et al., NPJ Vaccines (2022) - PMID: 35474311
        Product used: PepMix™ SARS-CoV (Spike Glycoprotein)
      • Transcriptomic analysis reveals optimal cytokine combinations for SARS-CoV-2 Specific T cell therapy products
        Durkee-Shock et al., Molecular Therapy: Methods & Clinical Development (2022)
      • Longitudinal T-Cell Responses After a Third SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis on Ocrelizumab or Fingolimod
        Cabeza et al., Neurology: Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation - PMID: 35523569
        Products used: PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein SUB1 & SUB2)
      • Children and Adults With Mild COVID-19: Dynamics of the Memory T Cell Response up to 10 Months
        Kaaijk et al., Frontiers in Immunology (2022)
        Products used: PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein), SARS-CoV-2 (NCAP), HCoV-OC43 (Spike Glycoprotein)
      • Strong peak immunogenicity but rapid antibody waning following third vaccine dose in elderly residents of care homes
        Tut et al., Research Square (2022)
        Product used: PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein)
      • Discordant antibody and T cell responses to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in COVID-19 mRNA vaccine recipient
        Woldemeskel et al., Clinical Infectious Diseases (2022) - PMID: 35438751
        Products used: PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein) & SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD B.1.1.529 / Omicron)
      • USA SARS-CoV-2 Epsilon Variant: Though Highly Transmissible has an Adjusted Muted Host T-Cell Response
        Plummer et al., Clinical Infectious Diseases (2022) - PMID: 35438777
        Products used: PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein) & SARS-CoV-2 (Spike B.1.429 / Epsilon)
      • mRNA booster vaccination protects extremely aged mice against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant
        Dowling et al., Research Square (2022)
        Products used: PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein) & SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD B.1.1.529 / Omicron)
      • Viral Evolution and Immunology of SARS-CoV-2 in a Persistent Infection after Treatment with Rituximab
        van der Moerden et al., Viruses (2022)
      • Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2-Spike-reactive antibody and T-cell responses in chronic kidney disease patients within three months after COVID-19 full vaccination
        Panizo et al., Clinical Kidney Journal (2022)
        Product used: PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein)
      • Safety and immunogenicity of a reduced dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (REDU-VAC): a single blind, randomized, non-inferiority trial
        Pannus et al., MedRxiv (2022)
      • Temporal changes in T cell subsets and expansion of cytotoxic CD4+ T cells in the lungs in severe COVID-19
        Kaneko et al., Clinical Immunology (2022) - PMID: 35364330
      • T cell response against SARS-CoV-2 persists after one year in patients surviving severe COVID-19
        Venet et al., EBioMedicine (2022) - PMID: 35349827
      • CD4+ T Cell Dysfunction in Severe COVID-19 Disease is TNFalpha/TNFRI-Dependent
        Popescu et al., American Journal of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine - PMID: 35348444
      • The Quality of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Responses Predicts the Neutralizing Antibody Titer in Convalescent Plasma Donors
        Kroemer et al., Front Public Health (2022) - PMID: 35372242
      • High antibody and reduced cellular response in children up to one year after SARS-CoV-2 infection
        Jacobsen et al., Research Square (2022)
      • Immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants after two and three doses of vaccine in B-cell malignancies: UK PROSECO study
        Lim et al., Nature Cancer (2022) - PMID : 35332334
      • Self-amplifying mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines raise cross-reactive immune response to variants and prevent infection in animal models
        Palladino et al., Methods and Clinical Development (2022)
      • Evolution of Humoral and Cellular Immunity in Two COVID-19 Breakthrough Infections After BNT162b2 Vaccine
        Gallais et al., Frontiers in Immunology (2022) - PMID: 35281046
      • SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination response in patients with autoimmune hepatitis and autoimmune cholestatic liver disease
        Duengelhoef et al., United European Gastroenterol Journal (2022) - PMID: 35289983
      • Novel T cell interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) using spike recombinant protein for COVID19 vaccine response and Nucleocapsid for SARS-Cov2 response
        Renaudineau et al., Clinical Immunology (2022) - PMID: n.a.
      • Immune response and safety of heterologous ChAdOx1-nCoV-19/mRNA-1273 vaccination compared with homologous ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 or homologous mRNA-1273 vaccination
        Sheng et al., Journal of the Formosan Medical Association (2022) - PMID: 35305895
      • Modular capsid decoration boosts adenovirus vaccine-induced humoral and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2
        Dicks et al., BioRxiv (2022)
      • SARS-CoV- 2 (COVID- 19)-specific T cell and B cell responses in convalescent rheumatoid arthritis: Monozygotic twins pair case observation
        Arruda et al., Immunology (2022) - PMID: 35212005
        Products used: PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (NCAP) & SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein)
      • Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses of Solid Organ Transplant Patients on Belatacept to Three Doses of mRNA-Based Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine
        Abravanel et al., Vaccines (2022)
        Products used: PepMix™ SARS-CoV-2 (Spike Glycoprotein)
      • Three-month follow-up of heterologous vs homologous third vaccination in kidney transplant recipients
        Heinzel et al., MedRxiv (2022)
      • Performance comparison of a fow cytometry immunoassay for intracellular cytokine staining and the QuantiFERON® SARS-CoV-2test for detection and quantifcation of SARS-CoV-2-Spike-reactiveIFN-γ-producing T cells after COVID-19 vaccination
        Tormo et al., European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (2022) - PMID: 35165804
      • SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells generated for adoptive immunotherapy are capable of recognizing multiple SARS-CoV-2 variant
        Panikkar et al., Pathogens (2022) - PMID: 35157735
      • T cell reactivity to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is preserved in most but not all prior infected and vaccinated individuals
        Vivek Naranbhai et al., MedRxiv (2022) - PMID: 35018386
      • Innate and adaptive immune defects associated with lower SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine response in elderly people
        Joana Vitallé et al., medRxiv (2022) - PMID: n.a.
      • Temporary hold of mycophenolate boosts SARS-CoV-2 vaccination-specific humoral and cellular immunity in kidney transplant recipients
        Eva Schrezenmeier et al., MedRxiv (2022) 
      • Dynamics of spike-and nucleocapsid specific immunity during long-term follow-up and vaccination of SARS-CoV-2 convalescents
        Nina Koerber et al., Nature Communications (2022)
      • Persistent T-Cell Reactivity in a Seronegative Patient after SARS-CoV-2 Infection and One Vaccination
        Nico Andreas et al., Vaccines (2022)
      • Development of an effective immune response in adults with Down Syndrome 2 after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination
        Laura Esparcia-Pinedo et al., MedRxiv (2022) 
      • Antibody and T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines during maintenance therapy for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases
        Dayam et al., MedRxiv (2022)
      • Infection or a third dose of mRNA vaccine elicit neutralizing antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 in kidney transplant recipients
        Charmetant et al., Science Translational Medicine (2022) - PMID: 35103481
      • Concordance of B and T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection, irrespective of symptoms suggestive of COVID-19
        Österdahl et al., MedRxiv (2022) 
      • Full efficacy and long-term immunogenicity induced by the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate MVA-CoV2-S in mice
        Lázaro-Frías et al., Vaccines (2022)
      • mRNA-1273 or mRNA-Omicron boost in vaccinated macaques elicits comparable B cell expansion, neutralizing antibodies and protection against Omicron
        Gagne et al., BioRxiv (2022)
      • Effectiveness and durability of the mRNA vaccine-induced SARSCoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in severe asthma patients on biological therapy
        Prodrazil et al., MedRxiv (2022)
      • Limited Recognition of Highly Conserved Regions of SARS-CoV-2
        Swaminathan et al., Microbiology Spectrum (2022) - PMID: 35196796
      • Assessment of humora land cellular immune responses to SARSCoV-2 vaccination (BNT162b2) inimmunocompromised renal allograft recipients
        Zhang et al., Transplant Infectious Diseases (2022)
      • Tacrolimus-resistant SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell products to prevent and treat severe COVID-19 in immunosuppressed patients
        Peter et al., Molecular Therapy (2022)
      • BNT162b2 Vaccine Induces Neutralizing Antibodies and Poly-Specific T Cells in Humans
        Ugur Sahin et al., Nature (2021)
      • Cross-Reactive CD4+ T Cells Enhance SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses Upon Infection and Vaccination
        Loyal et al, Science (2021)
      • Protection Against SARS-CoV-2 Beta Variant in mRNA-1273 Vaccine–Boosted Nonhuman Primates
        Kizzmekia S. Corbett et al., Science, (2021)
      • Children Develop Strong and Sustained Cross-Reactive Immune Responses Against Spike Protein Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection, With Enhanced Recognition of Variants of Concern
        Alexander C. Dowell et.al., medRxiv (2021)
      • Comorbid illnesses are associated with altered adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2
        Krystle K.Q. Yu et.al., JCI Insight (2021) - PMID: 33621211
      • Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain to Cells Expressing CD40 Improves Protection to Infection in Convalescent Macaques
        Romain Marlin et.al., Nature Communications (2021)
      • Longitudinal Analysis of Human Memory T-Cell Response according to the Severity of Illness up to 8 Months after SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        Chang Kyung Kang et.al., The Journal of Infectious Diseases (2021) - PMID: 33755725
      • Robust SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity is maintained at 6 months following primary infection
        Jianmin Zuo et.al., Nature (2021) - PMID: 33674800
      • SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Arrested In The Closed State Induces Potent Neutralizing Responses
        George W. Carnell et.al., bioRxiv (2021)
      • First Report Demonstrating The Safety And Immunogenicity Of The SARS-COV-2 BNT162b1 mRNA Vaccine In Younger And Older Chinese Adults: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Observer-Blind Phase I Study
        Fengcai Zhu et.al., Research Square (2021)
      • Poor Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Humoral and T-cell Responses After 2 Injections of mRNA Vaccine in Kidney Transplant Recipients Treated With Belatacept
        Nathalie Chavator et al., Transplantation, (2021)
      • SARS-CoV-2 Specific Memory T Cell Epitopes Identified in COVID-19-Recovered Subjects
        Juan Zhao et al., Virus Res, (2021)
      • SARS-CoV2 Mutant-Specific T Cells and Neutralizing Antibodies After Vaccination and up to 1 Year After Infection
        Richardson, J.R. et al., ISAR Bioscience, (2021)
      • COVID-19 Subunit Vaccine with a Combination of TLR1/2 and TLR3 Agonists Induces Robust and Protective Immunity
        Soo-Kyung Jeong et al., Vaccines, (2021)
      • Impairment of CD4+ T and Memory B Cell Responses but Normal Memory CD8+T-Cell Activation on Crohn’s Disease after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Twin Case
        Fabiana Gil-Melgaço et al., Viruses, (2021)
      • Weak Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies
        Florent Malard et al., Blood Cancer J, (2021)
      • CD4+ T Cells of Prostate Cancer Patients Have Decreased Immune Responses to Antigens Derived From SARS-CoV-2 Spike
        Pavla Taborska et al., Front Immunol, (2021)
      • T Cell–Mediated Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Liver Transplant Recipients With Prior COVID-19
        Mario Fernández-Ruiz et al., Am J Transplant, (2021)
      • Prospective Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Seroconversion (PASS) Study: an Observational Cohort Study of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination in Healthcare Workers
        Jackson, B.M. et al., BMC Infect Dis, (2021)
      • Cellular Immunity Predominates Over Humoral Immunity After Homologous and Heterologous mRNA and Vector-Based COVID-19 Vaccine Regimens in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
        Tina Schmidt et al., Am J Translplant, (2021)
      • The Legacy of Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Infection on the Immunology of the Neonate
        Sarah Gee et al., Nat Immunol, (2021)
      • A Single-Cycle Influenza A Virus-Based SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Elicits Potent Immune Responses in a Mouse Model
        Surapong Koonpaew et al., Vaccines, (2021)
      • Impact of Multiple Sclerosis Disease-Modifying Therapies on SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine-Induced Antibody and T Cell Immunity
        Sabatino, J.J. et al., MedRxiv, (2021)
      • Complete Protection of Nasal and Lung Airways Against SARS-CoV-2 Challenge by Antibody Plus Th1 Dominant N- and S-Specific T-Cell Responses to Subcutaneous Prime and Thermally-Stable Oral Boost Bivalent hAd5 Vaccination in an NHP Study
        Elizabeth Gabitzsch et al., BioRxiv, (2021)
      • The Evaluation of Novel Oral Vaccines Based on Self-Amplifying RNA Lipid Nanparticles (saRNA LNPs), saRNA Transfected Lactobacillus Plantarum LNPs, and saRNA Transfected Lactobacillus Plantarum to Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 Variants Alpha and Delta
        Reza Keikha et al., Sci Rep, (2021)
      • Single-Dose Intranasal Administration of AdCOVID Elicits Systemic and Mucosal Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and Fully Protects Mice from Lethal Challenge
        King R.G. et al., Vaccines, (2021)
      • T-Cell and Antibody Immunity After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines in Healthy and Immunocompromised Subjects-An Exploratory Study
        Rakesh Sindhi et al., MedRxiv, (2021)
      • SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibody and T Cell Response Kinetics According to Symptom Severity
        Ji Yeun Kim et al., Am J Trop Med Hyg, (2021)
      • Implementation of Adenovirus-Mediated Pulmonary Expression of Human ACE2 in HLA Transgenic Mice Enables Establishment of a COVID-19 Murine Model for Assessment of Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Infection
        Theodor Chitlaru et al., Pathogens, (2021)
      • Dynamics of Antibody Response to BNT162b2 Vaccine After Six Months: a Longitudinal Prospective Study
        Naaber, Paul et al., Lancet Reg Health Eur, (2021)
      • Safety and Immunogenicity of an Inactivated Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Interim Results of a Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 1/2 Trial
        Punnee Pitisuttihum et al., MedRxiv, (2021)
      • Protracted yet Coordinated Differentiation of Long-Lived SARS-CoV-2-Specific CD8+ T Cells During COVID-19 Convalescence
        Tongcui Ma et al., BioRxiv, (2021)
      • SARS-Cov-2 Spike Protein Fragment 674–685 Protects Mitochondria From Releasing Cytochrome c in Response to Apoptogenic Influence
        Olena Kalashnyk et al., Biochem Biophys Res Commun, (2021)
      • CD8+PD-L1+CXCR3+ Polyfunctional T Cell Abundances Are Associated With Survival in Critical SARS-CoV-2–Infected Patients
        Lucille Adam et al., JCI Insight, (2021)
      • Protective Antibodies Elicited by SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Vaccination are Boosted in the Lung After Challenge in Nonhuman Primates
        Joseph R. Francica et al., Sci Transl Med, (2021)
      • Profiling SARS-CoV-2 HLA-I Peptidome Reveals T Cell Epitopes From Out-of-Frame ORFs
        Shira Weingarten-Gabbay et al., Cell, (2021)
      • A Short Corticosteroid Course Reduces Symptoms and Immunological Alterations Underlying Long-COVID
        Alberto Utrero-Rico et al., Biomedicines, (2021)
      • COVID-19 Vaccine mRNA-1273 Elicits a Protective Immune Profile in Mice That is not Associated With Vaccine-Enhanced Disease Upon SARS-CoV-2 Challenge
        DiPiazza, A.T. et al., Immunity, (2021)
      • An Enveloped Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Expressing a Stabilized Prefusion form of the SARS-CoV-2 spike Protein Elicits Highly Potent Immunity
        Anne-Catherine Fluckiger et al., Vaccine, (2021)
      • Intranasal Plus Subcutaneous Prime Vaccination With a Dual Antigen COVID-19 Vaccine Elicits T-Cell and Antibody Responses in Mice
        Adrian Rice et al., Sci Rep, (2021)
      • Change in Symptoms and Immune Response in People with Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-Cov-2 Infection (PASC) After SARS-Cov-2 Vaccination
        Daisy Massay et al., MedRxiv, (2021)
      • Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses in Nursing Home Residents Following Full Dose of the Comirnaty® COVID-19 Vaccine
        Giménez, E. et al., J Infect (2021)
      • Correlates of Neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern by Early Pandemic Sera
        Vidal, S-J. et al., J Virol, (2021)
      • Preserved T-cell Response in anti-CD20 Treated Multiple Sclerosis Patients Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination
        Simon Faissner et al., Res Square, (2021)
      • Durable T cell responses contrast with faster antibody waning in BNT162b2-vaccinated elderly at 6 month
        Laurent Renia et al., Res Square, (2021)
      • SARS-CoV-2 ferritin nanoparticle vaccine induces robust innate immune activity driving polyfunctional spike-specific T cell responses
        Joshua M. Carmen et al., Vaccines, (2021)
      • A SARS-CoV-2 ferritin nanoparticle vaccine elicits protective immune responses in nonhuman primates
        M. Gordon Joyce et al., Science Translational Medicine
      • SARS-CoV-2-Specific Cell-Mediated Immunity in Kidney Transplant Recipients Recovered From COVID-19
        Mario Fernández-Ruiz et al., Transplantation, (2021)
      • SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Rituximab-Treated Patients: B Cells Promote Humoral Immune Responses in the Presence of T-Cell-Mediated Immunity
        Daniel Mrak et al., Ann Rheum Dis, (2021)
      • Comorbid Illnesses are Associated With Altered Adaptive Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2
        Krystle Kq Yu et al., JCI Insight, (2021)
      • Longitudinal Analysis of Human Memory T-Cell Response According to the Severity of Illness up to 8 Months After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection
        Chang Kyung Kang et al., J Infect Dis, (2021)
      • Deconvoluting the T Cell Response to SARS-CoV-2: Specificity Versus Chance and Cognate Cross-Reactivity
        Alexander A. Lehmann et al., Front Immunology, (2021)
      • Identification of Conserved SARS-CoV-2 Spike Epitopes That Expand Public cTfh Clonotypes in Mild COVID-19 Patients
        Xiuyuan Lu et al., J Exp Med, (2021)
      • Effectiveness of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection During the Delta (B.1.617.2) Variant Surge in India: a Test-Negative, Case-Control Study and a Mechanistic Study of Post-Vaccination Immune Responses
        Ramachandran Thiruvengadam et al., Lancet Infect Dis, (2021)
      • Acute Exercise Increases Immune Responses to SARS CoV-2 in a Previously Infected Man
        Baker, F. L. et al., Brain Behav Immun Health (2021)
      • Generation of Glucocorticoid-Resistant SARS-CoV-2 T Cells for Adoptive Cell Therapy
        Basar et al, Cell Reports (2021)
      • Peptide microarray based analysis of antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 identifies unique epitopes with potential for diagnostic test development
        Holenya et a al, Eur J Immunol (2021)
      • Immunogenicity of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine and SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Lung Transplant Recipients
        Havlin et al, Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation (2021)
      • COVID-19 Vaccine Candidates Based on Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Expressing the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Induce Robust T- and B-Cell Immune Responses and Full Efficacy in Mice
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      Application Notes

      Application Notes

      Alem et al (2021)
      Lucie Loyal & Andreas Thiel (2021)

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