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FAQs

Here we provide a selection of frequently asked questions about our most common catalog formats.


Product Questions

General Questions


PepMix Peptide Pools

PepMixes are peptide pools generated by chemical synthesis and pooling of individual 15meric peptides overlapping by 11 amino acids, spanning entire protein antigens or of selected MHC class-I or class-II-restricted epitopes.
Each vial contains 25ug (or 15 nmol) of each of the individual peptides. However, in some cases we also offer larger amoun(200µg, or 120 nmol, of each peptide). Please refer to the product datasheet provided on the product page.
Depending on the length of an antigen, a mix can contain between 10 and several hundred peptides.
They are delivered freeze dried at room temperature.
Freeze dried PepMix should be stored at -20°C or lower for long term storage.
JPT developed synthesis and purification protocols that avoid presence of contaminants causing false positive T-cell responses or inhibition of T-cell responses by toxic byproducts. In addition, JPT established QC procedures ensuring a high level of batch to batch reproducibility.
The best solvent to dissolve a PepMix is DMSO, followed by slow dilution with an appropriate buffer system. Please note that dissolved peptides have a limited stability. Therefore, we recommend immediate freezing of aliquots that you will not use shortly after dissolution. JPT also offers freeze dried pool aliquots.
Based on literature, we recommend a maximum DMSO concentration below 1% (v/v) in cellular assays.
The recommended concentration for stimulating PBMC's is 1 µg/ml of each individual peptide.
Successful stimulation of whole blood samples has been described. However, the optimal peptide concentration may be significantly higher compared to PBMC stimulation.
Simply send us your antigen sequence or Swiss Prot accession, Uniprot identifier or sequence from other protein databases to receive a quote on your customized PepMix. Contact: peptide@jpt.com.
Yes, please contact our customer support: peptide@jpt.com
Yes, we recommend to purchase freeze dried pools and single peptide aliquots for enhanced stability. Please contact our customer support for advice on the best format. Our pooling and aliquotation protocols are validated and certified according to DIN ISO 9001:2015. We guarantee presence of all peptides, high accuracy of aliquotation and batch-to-batch reproducibility.
JPT's CEFX Ultra SuperStim Pool is a Positive Control Pool of 176 known peptide epitopes for a broad range of HLA sub-types and different infectious agents for T-cell stimulation of populations with a diverse ethnic background. This positive control PepMix has been shown to be able to stimulate CD4+ and CD8+ T cells simultaneously. We also offer CEFX Ultra SuperStim MHCI and MHCII subsets for more specific stimulations. For efficient in vitro stimulation of antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, we also have a broad range of antigen specific PepMixes such as HCMV (pp65 , -IE-1 and IE-2) and others .
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PepSpot Peptides on Cellulose

In addition to the membrane bound PepSpot peptides ordered, JPT Peptide Technologies assembles control peptides on the same membrane, that are connected via a cleavable linker system to the cellulose surface. After cleavage of these peptides from the membrane, their quality will be checked by MALDI-MS. The control peptides include specific sequences which are difficult to synthesize. The purity of the peptides synthesized varies for each peptide and is dependent on the sequence and length. Our analyses have determined that peptide purity is typically ~50% for average 6-15 mers (by HPLC and mass spectroscopy).
The peptides are covalently linked to the cellulose support via the C-terminus. For sufficient flexibility for binding studies, a two ß-alanine residue spacer or a short PEG spacer is inserted between the cellulose and each PepSpot peptide.
N-terminal acetylation is recommended for peptide scans, because peptides are more stable to degradation and the uncharged N-acetyl better represents the region in the native antigen than a charged NH3+-group. There is no extra fee for acetylation.
a. Yes, as cysteine containing peptides are sensitive to oxidation and cyclization. Therefore, the substitution of Cys by Ser increases the peptide quality. Secondly, unspecific interactions between cysteine residues and antibodies/proteins could occur which give false-positive results. Finally, Cysteine is very scarcely an essential residue in antibody epitopes.
Detections can be performed with a chemiluminescence substrate in combination with an imaging system or, if not available, with a standard X-ray film and film cassette. Detections via fluorescence read-out are not recommended.
We recommend the use of horseradish peroxidase (HPR)-conjugated antibodies, while other enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase (AP) may also be used. 

Please note: It has often been observed that AP binds to peptide spots depending on their sequences, leading to unspecific signals, whereas HRP in almost all cases did not interact with the peptides. 
 Please also note: Do not use sodium azide as a preservative for buffers with peroxidase as it is an inhibitor of the enzyme.
The spot synthesis technology is compatible with D and L forms of amino acids as well as unnatural amino acids. However, the chemistry requires that the amino acids have an Fmoc protection group at their N-terminus and acid labile protecting groups on their side chains (e.g. Pbf, OtBu, Trt, Boc, tBu, etc). Please note: Some unnatural amino acids may give poor coupling yields due to sterical hindrance.
Yes, JPT Peptide Technologies also offers Cys-Cys-cyclization and biotinylation for PepSpots.
Most linear peptide epitopes for antibody applications are between 3-9 amino acids in length. To be on the safe side, we recommend a peptide length of 13 to 15 amino acids and an offset of 2 to 4 amino acids for the mapping of linear epitopes. Hence, when working with a large protein, it is recommended that the offset does not exceed 4 amino acids in order to localize the epitope. An offset of 1 is recommended for finer mapping of the epitope. For the mapping of conformation dependent (discontinuous) epitopes, we recommend a peptide length of 15 to 20 amino acids and an offset 5 amino acids in maximum.
The amount of peptide that is synthesized is determined theoretically from calculating the amount of free amines available for coupling per Spot and assuming a coupling efficiency of >98% per cycle.
The PepSpots peptides have a diameter of approx. 2-3 mm.
The peptides are synthesized in a grid fashion with 0.37 cm x 0.37 cm (0.15 in x 0.15 in, center-to-center) spacing, 20 peptides per row. Other formats are available upon request.
The membrane material is stable to synthesis conditions, but should not be exposed to strong acids for prolonged periods.
New membranes should be stored at -20°C until use. Incubated membranes which will be reused within several days should be kept with a small volume of T-TBS buffer in a Petri dish at 4°C. Incubated membranes which will be stored for a longer period should be regenerated and kept at -20°C.
a. The linker system consists of 2 ß-Alanine residue.
The PEG linker is fixed on a Trioxa residue + 1 ß-Ala. There are no other PEG-options available.
The spot size is approx. 2mm with a distance of 3.7mm from spot to spot. So 29 peptide plus controls will easily fit into a membrane this size. The maximum number of peptides would be approx. 608 peptides (32x19 spots).
A sequence list is provided.
a. Peptides rows and columns are outlined on the membrane. Peptide spots could also be easily identified using UV-light.
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PepStar Peptide Microarrays

The slides are shipped at room temperature.
For long-term storage JPT recommends storage at 4°C. JPT recommends NOT freezing the microarrays since the effects of freeze thaw cycles on the glass surface are unclear. Properly stored, our peptide microarrays are stable for 6 months.
As long as the microarrays are kept dry and cool (+4°C), the microarrays are stable for 6 months from date of delivery. The bond between peptides and microarray surface is stable in a range of pH 4 -10. Higher or lower pH values might lead to signal loss due to degradation.
The amount of peptide immobilized in one spot (100µm diameter) depends on the surface loading of the peptide microarray. Experiments showed a loading capacity of 4pmol/mm³. Therefore, the amount of peptide immobilized in one spot is approx. 30 fmol/ peptide.
JPT´s peptide microarrays are compatible with most scanner system accepting microarrays of 1 x 3 inches (or 2.5 x 7.5 cm).
All our microarrays display each peptide in several copies to ensure verifiable results. The exact layout for each microarray is noted in the product description and datasheet.
JPT recommends using the arrays only once. Stripping bound proteins or antibodies from the surface can damage it. Plus, very low remainders of protein or antibody may cause a very high background.
a. For low density peptide microarrays (up to 3 x 384 Peptides/Microarray): 
  • Minimum scanning-resolution: 50 um / Pixel - Focusing should be possible 
  • Intensity should be adjustable -Size of slide: 1 x 3 inch 
  • Size of scanned area should be at least 63 x 21mm 
  • Extinction/emission filters depending on the fluorophores used 

b. For high density peptide microarrays (more than 3 x 384 Peptides/Microarray):
  • Minimum scanning resolution: 10 um / Pixel
  • Focusing should be possible - Intensity should be adjustable - Size of slide: 1 x 3 inch 
  • Size of scanned area should be at least 63 x 21mm 
  • Extinction/emission filters depending on the fluorophores used 
  • Software capable of reading and analyzing .gal-files. 

c. JPT is working with a Genepix Axon 4000B and a Genepix 4300 Scanner system. The resulting image should be an 8- or 16-bit format to be compatible with most microarray processing softwares.
With each synthesis batch we run well selected control peptides that are analyzed by HPLC-MS and need to pass quality control. These control peptides include sequences that are difficult to synthesize. After printing, we scan each microarray and check for completeness and uniformity. In addition, process control peptides (Flag-tag) are included in each synthesis, allowing an independent assay control by application of appropriate antibody combinations.
Peptides are covalently linked to the microarray surface chemoselectively via the N-terminus. A flexible linker is inserted between peptide and microarray surface ensuring availability of the binding sites within the peptide.
Yes, as cysteine containing peptides are very sensitive to oxidation and cyclization, substitution of Cys by Ser increases peptide stability. In addition, unspecific interactions between cysteine residues and antibodies/proteins sometimes occur and give false-positive results.
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Proteomics

  • SpikeTides: light proteotypic peptides with C-terminal Lys or Arg residue 
  • SpikeTides TQ: light fully quantified proteotypic peptides with C-terminal Lys or Arg residue. Each peptide carries an additional C-terminal tryptic tag, which needs to undergo tryptic digestion to release the respective proteotypic peptide. 
  • SpikeTides L: heavy labeled peptides with C-terminal Lys or Arg residue
  • SpikeTides TQL: heavy labeled fully quantified proteotypic peptides with C-terminal Lys or Arg residue. Each peptide carries an additional c-terminal tryptic tag, which needs to undergo tryptic digestion to release the respective proteotypic peptide.
  • Maxi SpikeTides Q-AAA: light fully quantified proteotypic peptides with C-terminal Lys or Arg residue with high purity. Each peptide is quantified by AAA.
  • Maxi SpikeTides QL-AAA: heavy labeled fully quantified proteotypic peptides with C-terminal Lys or Arg residue with high purity. Each peptide is quantified by AAA
  • SpikeTides TQL Plus: heavy labeled fully quantified proteotypic peptides with C-terminal Lys or Arg residue. Each peptide carries an additional C-terminal tryptic tag, which needs to undergo tryptic digestion to release the respective proteotypic peptide. Peptides are purified (>95% purity) and provided in aliquots of 10 nmol to enable enduser-based re-quantification.  
For SpikeTides TQ and SpikeTides TQL, the tag carries a moiety enabling the quantification of the target peptide during HPLC-runs using specific wavelengths. The tag is optimized to enable efficient cleavage using standard proteases like trypsin. After cleavage, the proteotypic peptide with the native C-terminus is available for the MRM assay.
As necessary for proteotypic peptides, the N-termini are free, the C-termini are acidic.
For the SpikeTides, a rough estimation of the peptide amount is given in the product documentation. The estimatated peptide amount is based on individual quantification (based on UV-absorption and amino acid composition of target peptide) of random samples from customer library. For the quantified SpikeTides TQ and SpikeTides TQL, the synthesized peptides are aliquoted in 5x1nmol fractions. Quantification is based on HPLC-MS analytics and UV read-out of the Quantification-tag.
The cleavage of the SpikeTides can be performed in the same assay solution as the tryptic digest of the target protein takes place.
JPT Peptide Technologies has validated the cleavage efficiency in many conditions . The efficiency of the cleavage can be checked by doing HPLC-runs after the cleavage was performed. The signal of the cleaved tag should be visible at a retention time of 0 to 0.5min (C18, 3µ,, 20x2mm, 1ml/min flowrate, 6 minute gradient, 5% to 95% Acetonitril water) and should light up when analyzed at 350nm.
For long-term storage JPT Peptide Technologies recommends to keep the plates / racks sealed below 4°C, ideally, for highest stability at -80°C. We recommend using the freeze dried peptides up to 6 months after delivery of the peptides. Once thawed and dissolved in buffer solution, JPT Peptide Technologies recommends to perform the assay without further delay to avoid degradation of the peptides.
The plates or micronic racks are shipped at room temperature. For long-term storage JPT Peptide Technologies recommends to keep the plates / racks sealed below 4°C, ideally, for highest stability at -80°C.
For SpikeTides TQ/TQL peptides, a sample of trypsin or another suitable protease is required to cleave the tag. Potentially, other required chemicals are described in the protocol and are dependent on the modifications of the library ordered. SpikeTides peptides don't have an additional Q-tag at the C-term and can be used directly without prior tryptic digestion.
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Ordering & Account

Catalog Products: You can order catalog peptides directly through our online shop. Payment is available by credit card or invoice (invoice payment requires a valid purchase order number). 

Customized Products & Services: Please request a quotation via one of our quote request forms. Once you receive your quotation, place your order by email to peptide@jpt.com, including the quotation number and your purchase order. 

More details are available here.

Ordering through our online shop: Yes. Creating an account allows us to securely store your information, including shipping addresses and order history, making future orders faster and more convenient for you. 

Ordering through our customer support: No. You can send your purchase order directly to peptide@jpt.com

Click “Account” in the top right corner of our website and select “Register”. Alternatively, you can create an account directly during checkout when placing your first order.

Yes, you save products for future ordering by clicking on the heart symbol in product listings and on product pages. Saved items are available in your Wishlist within your account.

JPT supplies peptide products and services exclusively to: 

  • Companies within the life science and biotech field 
  • Academic institutions 
  • Governmental and non-profit organizations 
  • Hospitals and Clinics 

We are unfortunately unable to accept orders from private individuals.

Orders in our online shop: Order status updates and shipping notifications are sent automatically by email. 

Custom orders: Updates are provided based on project milestones and quotation terms. For additional information, please contact customer support (peptide@jpt.com).

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Pricing & Payment

No, prices are listed excluding taxes. 

  • Germany: 19% VAT is added 
  • EU: A valid VAT ID is required. 
  • International shipments: Import duties (tariffs) and local taxes are the responsibility of the customer. Sales taxes and broker fees will be charges directly by Fedex.

We accept payment via credit card, wire transfer or check. Payment by invoice is available only with an official purchase order form your institution. Learn more about payment methods!

Yes. Payment by invoice is available if you provide an official purchase order from your institution.

Enter your code in the “Promotion code” field in your cart and click “+”. The discount will be applied automatically.

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Product Quality & Documentation

Yes. All products are manufactured under a 9001:2015 certified management system and are intended for research use only (RuO). They are not intended for use in humans or animals unless explicitly approved for clinical use.

We provide comprehensive documentation depending on the product type, including: 

  • HPLC data 
  • Mass spectrometry (MS) data 
  • Product datasheet 
  • Certificate of Analysis (CoA), where applicable

Yes. All peptides are manufactured at our new “House of Peptides” facility in Berlin, Germany.

Yes, we offer a range of custom specifications including: •

  • Purity 
  • Amount 
  • Aliquotation and pooling 
  • Modifications such as cyclization, phosphorylation, biotinylation, and labeling. 

Click here for More details on the topic of modifications!

Peptides are shipped lyophilized and are generally stable for several weeks at room temperature during shipment. Upon arrival, please store them at -20°C or -80°C. While stability depends on the peptide sequence, most lyophilized peptides remain stable for 6 months or longer when stored appropriately. For frequent use, we recommend ordering smaller aliquots, storing them frozen, and avoiding repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

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Regulatory & Compliance

JPT Peptide Technologies is certified according to ISO 9001:2025 certified, the most recent version of the standard. We have maintained certification since 2004 undergo annual audits. Find more information via this link!

We offer clinical-grade and ISO Plus peptides which have been approved for clinical trials in many cases by regulatory agencies such as FDA and EMA. Learn more about clinical-grade peptides!

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Returns & Issues

Returns are accepted only with prior authorization. Please contact us at peptide@jpt.com before returning any unused and unopened products. We will provide return instructions and an authorization number.

If your shipment arrives damaged, please contact us immediately at peptide@jpt.com. Damaged goods must be returned to JPT’s head office. A replacement will be arranged after inspection.

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Shipping & Delivery

Shipping costs depend on destination and shipment type. Detailed information is available in our shipping costs and delivery information.

Lyophilized peptides are generally stable for several weeks at room temperature during shipment. For certain products shipment on dry ice is available. Please check labels for storage requirements upon arrival.

Yes, we offer dry ice shipment when required or upon request.

We include all relevant customs documentation and are AEO certified. However, delays may still occur. If so, please contact your customs agency, as they may require information directly from you. Please also contact us at import-export@jpt.com and we will do our best to assist.

Yes. Once your order has shipped, you will receive a notification email with your FedEx tracking number and shipment details.

Catalog Products: Orders are typically processed within 24 hours. Availability and standard delivery time are shown on each product page. 

Custom Products & Services: We provide an estimated delivery time with every quotation. 

We ship exclusively via FedEx. Transit times depend on the destination. Tracking details are provided once the shipment is dispatched.

Unless otherwise agreed, shipments are made according to Incoterms 2020: CIP.

Yes. We accept orders from, and ship to, many countries worldwide.

In some cases, partial delivery may be possible. This depends on the project and must be evaluated individually. Please contact customer support at peptide@jpt.com to discuss your options.

Yes, we include all relevant documents and are AEO certified. In case of delays, please contact your customs office and our team at import-export@jpt.com for assistance.

JPT uses HS Code (= HTS Code in the USA): 38221900

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Technical Support

Yes, please contact our customer support (peptide@jpt.com).

Please contact our customer support (peptide@jpt.com).

You can reach us at peptide@jpt.com. Our customer support team will be happy to assist you.

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If you can find your answer neither here nor in the protocols, please contact our customer support.

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