SP-CAT-033
Semaglutide Peptide (NN9935) is a synthetic GLP-1 analogue with two amino acid substitutions [Aib(8), Arg(34)] and a Lys26 fatty acid chain that prolong its half-life (˜7 days) and improve stability. As a GLP-1 receptor agonist, it regulates blood sugar by enhancing insulin secretion and suppressing glucagon release. The peptide also slows gastric emptying, reduces appetite, and promotes weight loss. Due to these combined effects, semaglutide is increasingly used to treat type 2 diabetes, obesity, and related cardiovascular diseases. It is widely recognized as the active ingredient in Ozempic®.
For research use only, do not use in humans!
Produced by JPT Peptide Technologies, a leader in custom peptide synthesis and diabetes reagents.
Semaglutide peptide binds to and activates glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors, which are widely expressed in tissues such as the pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, brain, kidney, and cardiovascular system. By mimicking the action of natural GLP-1, it initiates a cascade of physiological responses that are essential for glucose and energy balance.
In the pancreas, the GLP-1 analogue enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion from β-cells, ensuring that insulin is released only when blood sugar levels are elevated. At the same time, it suppresses glucagon secretion from α-cells, which reduces the amount of glucose produced by the liver. Together, these effects significantly improve glycemic control and help maintain stable blood sugar after meals.
In the digestive system, semaglutide slows gastric emptying, which delays nutrient absorption and helps prevent rapid spikes in blood glucose. In the brain, particularly in the hypothalamus, it modulates appetite-regulating pathways, reducing hunger signals, limiting food cravings, and enhancing the sensation of fullness. This dual action in the gut and brain translates into reduced food intake and supports sustained weight loss.
Unlike natural GLP-1, which is degraded within minutes by the enzyme DPP-4, semaglutide is structurally modified to resist enzymatic breakdown. The changes allow stronger binding to albumin, slowing clearance and extending circulation. As a result, it has a longer half-life of about seven days, enabling convenient once-weekly dosing while maintaining therapeutic activity. The sustained activation of GLP-1 receptors improves the peptide’s metabolic efficiency over time.
Semaglutide’s structure is approximately 94% identical to human GLP-1 but has been modified to enhance stability and prolong its activity. The first six amino acids of native GLP-1 are absent, and two key substitutions are introduced: at position 8, alanine is replaced by 2-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) to prevent degradation by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), and at position 34, lysine is replaced by arginine to improve stability.
In addition, the lysine at position 26 is conjugated to a long fatty acid chain consisting of 18 carbon atoms and ending with a carboxyl group. This modification enables strong binding to albumin in the bloodstream, which slows clearance and allows the peptide to remain in circulation for an extended period.
JPT Peptide Technologies also offers customized variants tailored to your research needs. More information is available at our Custom Peptide Synthesis services.
| Name | Form | Approved Use |
|---|---|---|
| Ozempic® | Injectable (once weekly) | Type 2 diabetes: improves glycemic control and reduces major cardiovascular risk. |
| Rybelsus® | Oral tablet (daily) | Type 2 diabetes: improves glycemic control (first oral GLP-1 receptor agonist). |
| Wegovy® | Injectable (once weekly) | Chronic weight management and weight loss in adults (and some adolescents) with obesity or overweight comorbidities. |
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone derived from the proglucagon gene and secreted by L-cells in the distal small intestine and colon in response to food intake. It binds to GLP-1 receptors found in several tissues, including pancreatic β-cells, the gastric mucosa, kidney, heart, and hypothalamus. Through these interactions, GLP-1 stimulates insulin secretion in hyperglycemic states, suppresses glucagon release, slows gastric emptying to regulate nutrient absorption, and acts on the brain to reduce appetite and food intake.
Together, these actions contribute to glycemic control, energy balance, and overall metabolic regulation. However, native GLP-1 has a very short half-life because it is rapidly degraded by the enzyme DPP-4, which limits its therapeutic use.
Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) and other GLP-1 receptor agonists have proven to be an effective treatment of Type 2 diabetes and obesity, offering significant benefits. They improve glycemic control by enhancing insulin secretion in response to elevated blood glucose levels; help reduce glucagon levels, further supporting blood sugar regulation; and slow gastric emptying, leading to weight loss, which is beneficial for diabetic patients who are obese. JPT Peptide Technologies has substantial, long-standing expertise in providing peptides in all formats, scales and modifications to the global scientific community. All our catalog peptides are provided with HPLC-MS analyses to confirm the identity and demonstrate the high quality of our peptides.
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Testimonial:
Our group focuses on the in vitro study of risk factors in Alzheimer’s disease and, as we experienced that the in-house expression and production of the amyloid beta peptide is notoriously difficult, we are continuously dependent on a high quality supply of a large variety of these peptides from commercial source.We started our collaboration with JPT with their request to test a range of their peptides for the ability to produce toxic oligomers and fibrillar networks and were impressed by the rapid supply of a very wide range of high purity peptides with excellent fibril forming properties and toxicity profiles. JPT has shown real valuable know-how and experience in the field of peptide synthesis by their ability to generate high quality preparations of amyloid beta peptide variants which are known for their difficulty to handle.
Kerensa Broersen, Assistant Prof., Nanobiophysics Group, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| Properties | Values |
|---|---|
| Amount: | 1.0 mg net (AAA) |
| Application: | Diabetes research |
| Category: | Diabetes Peptides |
| Condition / Topic: | Diabetes |
| Layout: | Freeze-dried in plastic vial |
| Organism: | Artificial |
| Protein Name: | Diabetes Peptide |
| Purity: | >95% (HPLC-MS) |
| Quantification: | Yes |
| Information | Values |
|---|---|
| Sequence: | H-H-Aib-EGTFTSDVSSYLEGQAA-Lys(AEEAc-AEEAc-gammaGlu-17-carboxyheptadecanoyl)-EFIAWLVRGRG-OH |
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