(Glu20)-Glucagon (1-29), Human, CAS: 2022956-46-1

(Glu20)-Glucagon (1-29) is a glucagon receptor agonist and a deamidated glucagon analog in which glutamine at position 20 is replaced by glutamic acid. This modification alters the peptide’s C-terminal charge distribution, structure, folding, and potentially its receptor interactions. Thus, (Glu20)-Glucagon is often used in diabetes research to study the physicochemical properties and stability of glucagon analogs.

For research use only, do not use in humans!

Produced by JPT Peptide Technologies, a leader in custom peptide synthesis and diabetes reagents.

(Glu20)-Glucagon (1-29), Human, CAS: 2022956-46-1 - Specifications

• Peptide sequence: H-HSQGTFTSDYSKYLDSRRAEDFVQWLMNT-OH
• Amount: 0.5 mg net (50 x 10 µg) (AAA)
• Purity: >95% (HPLC-MS)
• Counterion: TFA
• Delivery Format: Freeze-dried in plastic vial
• Chemical formula: C153H224N42O50S
• MW (average): 3483.78
• Application(s): Diabetes research
• Condition(s)/Topic(s): Diabetes
• Standard Delivery Time: 2-5 days
• CAS: 2022956-46-1
• SMILES: N[C@@H](CC1=CNC=N1)C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(NCC(N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(N[C@@H](CC2=CC=CC=C2)C(N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(N[C@@H](CC3=CC=C(O)C=C3)C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CC4=CC=C(O)C=C4)C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N[C@@H](C)C(N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(N[C@@H](CC5=CC=CC=C5)C(N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(N[C@@H](CC6=CNC7=C6C=CC=C7)C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CCSC)C(N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(N[C@@H]([C@H](O)C)C(O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)CCCCN)=O)=O)=O)=O)CO)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O

Why Use (Glu20)-Glucagon Along with Native Glucagon?

Native glucagon is a 29-amino-acid peptide hormone produced in the pancreas that maintains glucose homeostasis alongside insulin. In response to low blood sugar, it activates hepatic glucagon receptors (GCGR), stimulating glycogen breakdown and glucose synthesis. Clinically, it is used to treat severe hypoglycemia and is also studied as a potential therapy in diabetes. However, native glucagon forms amyloid-like fibrils in aqueous solutions, inducing apoptosis in-vitro and limiting long-term use.

Its structurally modified analog, (Glu20)-Glucagon, introduces an additional negative charge to the peptide, which may affect folding, solubility, receptor interactions, and degradation resistance. Experiments on (Glu20)-Glucagon can reveal how C-terminal modifications influence GCGR interactions, highlight glucagon’s optimal physicochemical properties, and guide its development as a more stable treatment in diabetes.

We also offer unmodified Glucagon!

Research Areas for (Glu20)-Glucagon, Human, CAS: 2022956-46-1

• Obesity and weight loss research: Studied for its role in regulating energy expenditure and appetite, helping to explore how modified glucagon analogs affect lipid metabolism and body weight.
• Diabetes and hypoglycemia research: Researched to understand glucose regulation and insulin response through glucagon receptor signaling and altered peptide-receptor interactions.
• Glucagon-GCGR interaction studies: Explored to assess how the Glu20 substitution introduces local charge changes that influence receptor binding strength and GCGR activation efficiency.
• Structure-function relationship studies: Studied to determine how the Gln→Glu replacement affects peptide folding, conformational stability, and biological activity.
• Energy and glucose metabolism studies: Researched in metabolic models evaluating hepatic glucose production, energy utilization, and the impact of electrostatic changes on metabolic control.
• Hormonal and metabolic disorder studies: Studied in models of endocrine imbalance and metabolic syndrome to analyze modified glucagon signaling and cross-talk with GLP-1 pathways.
• Peptide stability and formulation research: Explored for its improved charge balance and potential impact on solubility and peptide stability under physiological conditions.
• Glucagon analog and drug development research: Researched as a reference analog to design glucagon receptor modulators with optimized bioactivity and pharmacokinetic profiles.
• Peptide aggregation and amyloid formation studies: Studied to evaluate whether the Glu20 substitution reduces aggregation tendency or alters amyloid fibril formation relative to native glucagon.

Benefits of (Glu20)-Glucagon, CAS: 2022956-46-1

• Modified electrostatic profile: The Gln→Glu substitution introduces a negative charge that influences peptide conformation and receptor interaction.
• Altered receptor binding dynamics: Enables detailed studies of GCGR affinity, activation, and downstream signaling behavior.
• Improved conformational stability: The substitution enhances structural resilience without significantly reducing biological activity.
• Useful for structure-function research: Serves as a model analog for exploring how charge modifications affect glucagon’s bioactivity and receptor signaling.

Key Concepts

Structural and Functional Features of (Glu20)-Glucagon, CAS: 2022956-46-1

Glucagon (Glu20) is a synthetic analog of human glucagon in which the neutral glutamine at position 20 is replaced by a negatively charged glutamic acid residue. This subtle substitution introduces a local electrostatic change within the receptor-binding region of the peptide, which can influence its conformation and interaction with the glucagon receptor (GCGR).

The added charge may slightly modify receptor affinity and activation kinetics, offering a valuable tool for studying how local polarity affects ligand-receptor recognition and downstream signaling. Despite these alterations, (Glu20)-Glucagon retains biological activity comparable to the native peptide, making it particularly useful for structure-function analysis and the development of optimized glucagon-based therapeutics.

JPT’s Glucagon Peptides

Glucagon is a 29-amino acid polypeptide. Its primary sequence in humans is: NH2-His-Ser-Gln-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Tyr-Ser-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asp-Ser-Arg-Arg-Ala-Gln-Asp-Phe-Val-Gln-Trp-Leu-Met-Asn-Thr-COOH. Glucagon is a non-steroid peptide hormone produced in the pancreas. Its effect is opposite to that of insulin. Glucagon and insulin regulating blood glucose homeostasis making glucagon a potential target for the therapeutic treatment of diabetes. JPT Peptide Technologies has substantial, long-standing expertise in providing peptides in all formats, scales and modifications to the global scientific community. All our catalog peptides are provided with HPLC-MS analyses to confirm the identity and demonstrate the high quality of our peptides.

• All peptides are made in Germany
• Bulk orders or custom peptide synthesis upon request
• Provision of freeze-dried aliquots for enhanced stability
• Proven track record
• Need the conjugated or modified peptide? Contact us!